Facts Of 1956 Constitution 

Salient Features of 1956 Constitution

The salient functions of 1956 Constitution of Pakistan are as follows

A Written and Lengthy Document

The 1st Constitution of Republic of Pakistan changed into written in nature. It consisted of 234 Articles and six Schedules. Hence it turned into one of the lengthiest constitutions of the world as it regulated the activities and jurisdiction of no longer simplest the primary government but also those of the provincial governments. In this manner in contrast to the United States Federation, the federating devices did no longer have their separate constitutions.

Islamic Provisions in 1956 Constitution

Pakistan turned into achieved at the call of Islam. The Objective Resolution become covered within the Preamble of the constitution, which mentioned sovereignty of God at the universe.  Initiative was made that Muslims of Pakistan should enforce the teaching of Quran and Sunnah of their lives. The President of Pakistan need to be a Muslim.  Non-Muslims have been also covered and taken into consideration as citizens of Pakistan.

Federation

The constitution embodied all the features of federation. There were three legislative lists Federal, Provincial and Concurrent. Federal List contained 30 Subjects, the Provincial ninety four and within the Concurrent List handiest 19 Subjects have been enumerated. Both the principal and provincial legislatures may also make laws regarding Concurrent subjects. However, in case of battle the valuable regulation could prevail. All the residuary powers have been entrusted to the provinces, which sowed decentralization of authorities as a way to meet the needs of provincial autonomy. In case of warfare between the centre and the provinces, the Chief Justice of Pakistan might must settle the dispute.

Parliamentary Form of Government

Under the constitution parliamentary form of presidency become followed. All the ministers had been purported to be the contributors of Parliament and they remained in workplace so long as they retained the confidence of the majority members inside the Assembly. They have been individually in addition to together accountable to the National Assembly and had to take part in its lawsuits and to manual law. The Assembly had the energy, to pass a vote of no self assurance in opposition to the ministry. The President was the Head of State whilst the Prime Minister was the Head of Government.

Position of the President in 1956 Constitution of Pakistan

The executive authority of the federation was vested inside the President, who turned into to be elected by individuals of the National and Provincial Assemblies for five years. He may want to summon, prorogue or dissolve the National Assembly on the recommendation of the cabinet, could address the National Assembly and could send messages to it. His previous permission for price range to be moved within the Assembly became important. He possessed restricted veto with appreciate to legal guidelines passed by National Assembly and absolute veto with appreciate to provincial laws. He can also issue ordinances and became the best commander of the armed forces.

Unicameral Legislature

The 1956 Constitution is characterized by way of unicameralism called National Assembly. It consisted of 300 members who had been directly elected by way of the human beings of each the wings on parity basis for a length of 5 years. Besides, 10 seats were also reserved for ladies for 10 years. A individual now not less than 25 years of age ought to become its member. Every Pakistani citizen having attained 21 years of age had the proper to vote. Speaker and Deputy Speaker have been its presiding officers. There had been to be at the least 2 classes of Assembly every 12 months. Although its lifestyles changed into 5 years, but, it is able to be dissolved in advance and sparkling elections were to be held.

Independence of Judiciary

Necessary protection became given to independence of judiciary. Head of the State will be authorized to rent the judges. Their service couldn't be challenged with none accusation. The Supreme Court was entrusted the project of interpreting, the constitution and to adjudicate in any dispute among federal authorities and any provincial authorities or among provincial governments. There became unmarried hierarchical courtroom community throughout the usa with Supreme Court at the top.

Directive Principles of State Policy

Directive standards of kingdom coverage had been also incorporated in Part III of the charter. Some of those ideas treated Islamic teachings, different blanketed eradication of poverty and provisions of equal centers to all alike for welfare reason, protection of the rights of minorities, removal of illiteracy, uplift of life popular, enforcement of socio­economic justice, separation of judicial and government branches and so forth. These concepts had been in reality codes of constitutional morality and it became an obligation on government to behave therefore.

Fundamental Rights

Fundamental rights had been made part of the charter and have been to be enforced by way of the Supreme Court. All such legal guidelines and administrative rules as should violate fundamental rights can be challenged inside the law-courts. These rights were guaranteed to Muslims and non-Muslims with none discrimination. Some of those blanketed proper to existence, liberty, belongings and private safety, freedom of speech, expression, notion and motion, proper of motion, right to privacy and circle of relatives existence and so forth.

Official Language

Under the 1956 Constitution of Pakistan each Urdu and Bengali have been made authentic languages of Pakistan. Nevertheless, English changed into adopted and established as language for legitimate commercial enterprise for a period of 25 years